Boulder, CO 80305-3328. Fifteen reanalyses (41%) reported only P values without treatment effect sizes, only treatment effects without P values or measures of precision, or effects in units not comparable to those in the original analyses (Appendix Table D in the Supplement). Withholding research results in academic life science: evidence from a national survey of faculty. Three studies (8%) implied that different patients should be treated because there was a change in the understanding of the reasons of benefit or the types of patients benefiting more from the treatment. are due to Todd Mitchell. to visit the NOAA CDC site to become more familiar with the data available and the problems identified with this product. Customize your JAMA Network experience by selecting one or more topics from the list below.  K, Max Reanalyses of randomized clinical trial (RCT) data may help the scientific community assess the validity of reported trial results. It is based on a version of the GEOS-5 atmospheric data assimilation system that was frozen in 2008.  KG. We identified 2950 citations in an initial search and screened 2948 for eligibility (Figure). Ideally, authors completing the reanalysis should not have conflicting financial, ideological, or political interests.43 At the least, when a reanalysis is completed, authors of the original article should be provided with the opportunity to review and comment on it before publication.43 In our review, we found no statistically significant difference in the proportion of reanalyses resulting in a change in recommendation about the number of patients who should be treated when the reanalysis was conducted by original trial vs independent authors, but there were only 13 reanalyses that could result in a change in recommendation, so the comparison was underpowered to detect a difference and the CIs were wide enough to be inconclusive. and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation as well as looking at the dynamics of historical climate Only 5 reanalyses (13.5%) were performed by completely independent authors.24,26,31-33 Three of the 5 used different analytical methods,26,32,33 1 considered the original analysis of a crossover RCT invalid and reanalyzed the first treatment period only,24 and 1 used a different definition for the primary outcome.31 Two of these 5 independent reanalyses did not change the original trial interpretation,32,33 2 suggested that more patients should be treated,26,31 and 1 suggested that fewer patients should be treated compared with the original article.24 We found no statistically significant difference in proportion of reanalyses leading to different conclusions about who should be treated when reanalyses were performed by overlapping vs independent authors (10/32 vs 3/5; OR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.04-2.11; P = .32).  JJ, Steenland At JISAO, the data resides at /home/disk/margaret/data/ncep_reanalysis/monthly/  et al; EPITHET Investigators. Long-term, model-based analyses of multiple datasets using a fixed assimilation system are a major focus in the GMAO. Four reanalyses changed the direction and 2 changed the magnitude of treatment effect, whereas 4 led to changes in statistical significance of findings. we don't distribute the data but do allow users to analyze and plot from it. ERA6 will be a coupled reanalysis, using both atmospheric and ocean observations. Design  Users are encouraged In 3 instances, patient-level data availability was unclear and we needed to contact the corresponding author of reanalyses to clarify whether those data were publicly available or whether the authors had to undertake an approval process to obtain them. MERRA was used to drive stand-alone reanalyses of the land surface (MERRA-Land) and atmospheric aerosols (MERRAero). Rethinking reanalysis. Reanalysis datasets are created by assimilating ("inputting") climate observations using the same climate model throughout the entire reanalysis …  TI. Endolymphatic mastoid shunt: a reevaluation of efficacy. over the North American region. Watch this video for a visual explanation of what reanalysis is and what it is for. 925mb zonal wind, 1948-99 (80 Mb)  A, Bravi We identified 37 eligible reanalyses in 36 published articles, 5 of which were performed by entirely independent authors (2 based on publicly available data and 2 on data that were provided on request; data availability was unclear for 1). Rothwell Terms of Use| We extracted information about trial characteristics (participants’ disease/condition, intervention and comparators, and definition or measurement of primary outcome), authorship (countries and overlap in authors or in research group/consortium affiliations), and analyses (differences in methods used, handling of missing data, use of intention-to-treat principle, and whether reanalysis authors identified any errors in the original data set or analysis); 1 or more type of reanalysis may have been performed for the same article.  EG, Anderson  CP; European Carotid Surgery Trialist’s Collaboration. The Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2) provides data beginning in 1980 and runs a few weeks behind real time. There were 46 differences in methods identified in the 37 reanalyses (differences in statistical or analytical methods [n = 18], definition or measurement of outcomes [n = 12], approaches to handling missing data [n = 8], use of intention to treat [n = 2], and other [n = 6]) (Table 2); numbers were comparable when counting what authors identified as the most important difference per reanalysis (statistical or analytical methods [n = 17], definition or measurement of outcomes [n = 11], approaches to handling missing data [n = 2], use of intention to treat [n = 1], and other [n = 6]). Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: All authors. Approximately a third (35%) of the published reanalyses led to changes in findings that implied conclusions different from those of the original article about the types and number of patients who should be treated. MERRA-2: NASA GMAO has released a new version of the MERRA dataset spanning 1980 to present. For example, a trial comparing acupuncture and amitriptyline in human immunodeficiency virus–infected patients reported no effect for either intervention on neuropathic pain.41 A reanalysis by authors who were proponents of complementary and alternative medicine analyzed mortality and attrition (not the primary or secondary outcomes in the original article) and concluded that acupuncture had a lower attrition rate and lower (zero) mortality rate, with P = .05 for both comparisons.42 Thus, reanalyses with discrepant results may under some circumstances raise as many questions as the original trial. Ebrahim S, Sohani ZN, Montoya L, et al. On some of the files Surface and sea level pressure observations are combined with a Reanalyses differed most commonly in statistical or analytical approaches (n = 18) and in definitions or measurements of the outcome of interest (n = 12). Reanalysis of a randomized trial of 3 techniques of anterior colporrhaphy using clinically relevant definitions of success. The project was scientists to examine long time scale climate processes such as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation How to obtain ocean data and plots: Updated.  et al. Koch  R, Gross As a result, there have been increasing calls within the medical community for access to raw data from published trials so that reanalyses can take place.  JM. Thirteen reanalyses (35%) led to interpretations different from that of the original article, 3 (8%) showing that different patients should be treated; 1 (3%), that fewer patients should be treated; and 9 (24%), that more patients should be treated. Whether trial investigators should be required to make patient data from randomized clinical trials (RCTs) available for reanalysis is controversial.  MJ, Freedman The NARR reanalysis was done to produce very high resolution output

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