[99] Blair rarely applies such labels to himself, but he promised before the 1997 election that New Labour would govern "from the radical centre", and according to one lifelong Labour Party member, has always described himself as a social democrat. After attending the independent school Fettes College, he studied law at St John's College, Oxford and became a barrister. [16] During his time there he met Charlie Falconer (a pupil at the rival Edinburgh Academy), whom he later appointed Lord Chancellor. [231], Blair was interviewed in June 2020 for an article in the American magazine The Atlantic on European views of U.S. foreign policy following the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting recession, increased tensions in Sino-American relations, and the George Floyd protests. Meanwhile, the idea that Iraq would be next had never been ruled out in Washington. [238], Blair's financial assets are structured in a complicated manner, and as such estimates of their extent vary widely. [244], At one point Alastair Campbell intervened in an interview, preventing the Prime Minister from answering a question about his Christianity, explaining, "We don't do God. [141] Levy ran the Labour Leader's Office Fund to finance Blair's campaign before the 1997 election and raised £12 million towards Labour's landslide victory, Levy was rewarded with a peerage, and in 2002, Blair appointed Lord Levy as his personal envoy to the Middle East.

Under Blair, the party used the phrase "New Labour" to distance itself from previous Labour politics and the traditional idea of socialism. He is expected to be criticised by the Chilcot report for his conduct in the run up to the invasion, 33 per cent of Americans believed Saddam Hussein was personally involved in 9/11 as late as 2007, The International Criminal Court has said it won't investigate Tony Blair's role in starting a war with Iraq, Alastair Campbell leaves Downing Street in 2003, Tony Blair with British soldiers in Basra during the Iraq War, Stefan Rousseau/PA Wire/Press Association Images, Baghdad burns during an early bombing campaign of the Iraq War (REUTERS). [227] The Tony Blair Institute confirmed that it has received donations from the U.S. State Department and Saudi Arabia.
“The accumulation of weapons of mass destruction by Iraq poses a threat, a threat not just to the region but to the wider world, and I think George Bush was absolutely right to raise it,” Blair told the Australian Broadcasting Company in February 2002. [9] It was when in Australia that Blair's sister Sarah was born. [citation needed] Despite his defeat, William Russell, political correspondent for The Glasgow Herald, described Blair as "a very good candidate", while acknowledging that the result was "a disaster" for the Labour Party. [160][255] Blair categorically denied the allegations.

There is also the wider issue of character.

He was backed up by Robin Cook, the former Foreign Secretary, who had been supplanted the previous year by Jack Straw. Before he did so, however, he took time to welcome a particularly honoured guest. A few days later, when Dick Cheney passed through London, stopping over for a private meeting with Blair, Alice Mahon, a quietly spoken but very determined and well-liked left-wing MP, surmised that they were discussing Iraq and decided to act. The Prime Minister grasped at once that what he was seeing, from the Grand Hotel, Brighton, on 11 September 2001, was seminal, a pivotal moment in world affairs. It stands for equality. Anthony Charles Lynton Blair was born at Queen Mary Maternity Home in Edinburgh, Scotland,[1] on 6 May 1953. A poll for the Washington Post, taken in September 2003, six months after Saddam's overthrow, showed that 69 per cent thought it “likely” that he was implicated. Blair’s critics argue that he lied persistently and in doing so became a war criminal. He did not mention Cyprus in his speech, but the accompanying document included the assertion that ”Iraq possesses extended-range versions of the SCUD ballistic missile ...which are capable of reaching Cyprus.“. On 8 November 2002, the UN Security Council unanimously adopted Resolution 1441, which gave the Iraq government “a final opportunity to comply with its disarmament obligations.” Though it did not specify what would happen if Iraq failed to comply, or who would make that judgement, getting the resolution adopted was all the same a considerable achievement. [42] But Blair and the modernisers wanted Smith to go further still, and called for radical adjustment of Party goals by repealing "Clause IV," the historic commitment to nationalisation of industry. The number of people who received original copies of the February dossier could be counted on one hand. [248], Later on, Blair questioned the Pope's attitude towards homosexuality, arguing that religious leaders must start "rethinking" the issue. [97] The resulting Sedgefield by-election was won by Labour's candidate, Phil Wilson. “We were elected as New Labour. His other social policies were generally progressive; he introduced the National Minimum Wage Act 1998, the Human Rights Act 1998 and the Freedom of Information Act 2000, and in 2004 allowed gay couples to enter into civil partnerships. [41] When Kinnock resigned after a fourth consecutive Conservative victory in the 1992 general election, Blair became Shadow Home Secretary under John Smith. Blair became the country's youngest leader since 1812 and remains the party's longest-serving occupant of the office. [147] Blair was criticised for his solid stance alongside US President George W. Bush on Middle East policy.[148]. [169], Blair had close relationships with the Clinton family. In 2001 Britain joined the U.S. in the global war on terror. Blair's first PMOS was Alastair Campbell, who served in that role from May 1997 to 8 June 2001, after which he served as the Prime Minister's Director of Communications and Strategy until his resignation on 29 August 2003 in the aftermath of the Hutton Inquiry. [179], In January 2008, it was confirmed that Blair would be joining investment bank JPMorgan Chase in a "senior advisory capacity"[180] and that he would advise Zurich Financial Services on climate change. [181], Blair taught a course on issues of faith and globalisation at the Yale University Schools of Management and Divinity as a Howland distinguished fellow during the 2008–09 academic year. Government officials knew that, but did not correct the error. In 1923, he returned to (and later died in) Ballyshannon, County Donegal. Within the Cabinet, two ministers were becoming more and more disengaged.

Meanwhile, the breakaway SDP faction had merged with the Liberal Party; the resulting Liberal Democrats seemed to pose a major threat to the Labour base. His legacy remains controversial, not least because of his interventions in the Afghanistan and Iraq wars. (Its designer, Canadian artillery expert Gerald Bull, was murdered in Brussels in 1990.) Blair's governments enacted constitutional reforms, removing most hereditary peers from the House of Lords, while also establishing the UK's Supreme Court and reforming the office of Lord Chancellor (thereby separating judicial powers from the legislative and executive branches). [94] On 7 September 2006, Blair publicly stated he would step down as party leader by the time of the Trades Union Congress (TUC) conference held 10–13 September 2007,[95] having promised to serve a full term during the previous general election campaign. [34] Blair's election literature in the 1983 general election endorsed left-wing policies that Labour advocated in the early 1980s. [81] Blair was sometimes perceived as paying insufficient attention both to the views of his own Cabinet colleagues and to those of the House of Commons.

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