Galileo Galilei and Giovanni Francesco Sagredo had discussed using a mirror as the image forming objective soon after the invention of the refracting telescope,[4] and others, such as Niccolò Zucchi, claimed to have experimented with the idea as far back as 1616. Newton was further developing an existing telescope design, one like the physicist Zucchi had already constructed in 1616, which employed a mirror. His Newtonian with a mirror diameter of 6 inches (150 mm) compared favourably with the large aerial refracting telescopes of the day. Newton's friend Isaac Barrow showed a second telescope to a small group from the Royal Society of London at the end of 1671. This design reduces the size and cost of the telescope with a shorter overall telescope tube length (with the corrector extending the focal length in a "telephoto" type layout) combined with a less costly spherical mirror. For visual observing, most notably on, This page was last edited on 18 November 2020, at 07:11. Combined with short f-, Newtonians, like other reflecting telescope designs using parabolic mirrors, suffer from, Newtonians have a central obstruction due to the secondary mirror in the light path. The surface also tarnished rapidly; the consequent low reflectivity of the mirror and also its small size meant that the view through the telescope was very dim compared to contemporary refractors. [13] Hadley had solved many of the problems of making a parabolic mirror. Reflecting telescopes proved difficult to construct. In the mid 1600s, Isaac Newton was studying light and found that the bands of color plaguing early astronomers were formed from light passing through a lens or a prism. He first thought the object was a comet, but later discovered it was in fact a new planet that he would name Georgium sidus after King George III; astronomers would rename the planet Uranus, 50 years later. Newton was admitted as a fellow of the society in the same year. In 1721 John Hadley showed a much-improved model to the Royal Society. A parabolic mirror is able to focus all of the light to one point and thus provides a crisper image than does a spherical mirror. Light enters the tube and reflects off of the primary mirror. It was fifty years before another member of the Royal Society, John Hadley, improved the mirror by making it have a parabolic shape instead of Newton’s spherical shape. [2] The Newtonian telescope's simple design has made it very popular with amateur telescope makers. The optical part of the Newtonian telescope is the same as a Dobsonian telescope. The Newtonian telescope, also called the Newtonian reflector or just the Newtonian, is a type of reflecting telescope invented by the English scientist Sir Isaac Newton (1642–1727), using a concave primary mirror and a flat diagonal secondary mirror. [12] He found that the telescope worked without colour distortion and that he could see the four Galilean moons of Jupiter and the crescent phase of the planet Venus with it. This material is based upon work supported by NASA under Grant Nos. His telescope was shown to the Royal Society of London, one of the most distinguished organizations promoting science. It was difficult to grind the speculum metal to a regular curvature. Without the high quality he achieved with his telescopes, a quality that far surpassed anything that had been accomplished before, he would not have been able to discover Uranus.Credit: Adler Planetarium & Astronomy Museum. He came to the conclusion that white light is really a mixture of light of different colors. He chose a spherical shape for his mirror instead of a parabola to simplify construction; even though it would introduce spherical aberration, it would still correct chromatic aberration. 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