A petition collected more than 200,000 signatures to change the film's rating[76] and a version with less profanity was finally given a PG-13 rating.

Movies open the doors to creative ideas, experiences and other culture but can be traumatic for children who do not have the emotional maturity to comprehend what they are seeing. In 1990, the MPAA explained an R rating is given for sexual content, brutal violence, drug content or profanity. [57] Like the X rating it replaced, NC-17 limits a film's prospects of being marketed, screened in theaters and sold in major video outlets. The Motion Picture Association (MPA) film rating system is used in the United States and its territories to rate a film's suitability for certain audiences based on its content. The same, however, could not be said about the 1995 teen drama Kids, which director Larry Clark wanted rated R so parents could take their kids to it for educational purposes, but the MPAA rated it NC-17 due to its content of teen sex and turned down Clark's appeal. [12] Walter Reade was the only one of 75 top U.S. exhibitors who refused to use the ratings. "[24] Steven Spielberg, director of Temple of Doom and executive producer of Gremlins, suggested a new intermediate rating between "PG" and "R". PARENTAL REVIEW: GUNNER PALACE", "Tens of Thousands Sign Petition Urging MPAA to Overturn 'Bully's' R Rating", "Philomena: Weinsteins win MPAA appeal against R rating", "Swearing in the cinema: An analysis of profanity in US teen‐oriented movies, 1980–2006", "FILM RATING BOARD TO CONSIDER SMOKING AS A FACTOR", "Universal Pictures Policy Regarding Tobacco Depictions in Films", "PG-rated 'Rango' has anti-smoking advocates fuming", The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, "How Did 'The Exorcist' Escape an X Rating? [3] An example of an otherwise PG film being assigned a PG-13 rating for a drug reference (momentary, along with brief language) is Whale Rider. A compromise was reached and a version was cut with less profanity. In 2000, the MPAA began applying rating explanations for "PG", "PG-13", and "NC-17" films as well. How the MPAA Rates Independent Films. However, pornographic films often self-applied the non-trademarked "X" rating, and it soon became synonymous with pornography in American culture. [32] In late 1989 and early 1990, two critically acclaimed art films featuring strong adult content, Henry: Portrait of a Serial Killer and The Cook, the Thief, His Wife & Her Lover, were released. Although there has always been concern about the content of films,[81] the MPAA has, in recent years, been accused of a "ratings creep", whereby the films that fall into today's ratings categories now contain more objectionable material than those that appeared in the same categories two decades earlier. Film studios have pressured the MPAA to retire the NC-17 rating, because of its likely impact on their film's box office revenue. [53] The film drew huge crowds upon its release, many of whom vomited and/or fainted;[54] a psychiatric journal would later document four cases of "cinematic neurosis" induced by the film. The other original ratings were G, M (later changed to PG) and X. Critic Roger Ebert criticized the MPAA for the rating and called it "a wild overreaction". The dividing line between G/PG movies and R-rated movies is a large one. [77][78] Eric Watson, producer of the independently distributed, NC-17-rated Requiem for a Dream complained that the studios are paying the budget of the MPAA, which gives the studios leverage over the MPAA's decisions. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. Noriko pretends to be the cow and lets him milk her - a satisfying arrangement for them both. [49][50] Anti-smoking advocates stated that the child-friendly PG rating was inappropriate for the 2011 Nickelodeon-animated film Rango, which included over 60 depictions of characters smoking. | [45][46], In US films rated PG and PG-13, teenaged characters use more and stronger profanity than the adult characters in the same movies.

Film critic Roger Ebert accused the MPAA of being much more harsh on sexual content than violent content evaluating films. If a film has not been submitted for a rating or is an uncut version of a film that was submitted, the labels Not Rated (NR) or Unrated (UR) are often used. [33][34], In September 1990, the MPAA introduced the rating "NC-17" ("No Children Under 17 Admitted").

A girl is shot to death (no blood is shown), and she falls to the floor, A boy is yanked into the sky via the use of thin wire (potentially garrote) in a trap by a potentially pedophilic child murderer, A pottery bowl is dropped on a man's head, and he bleeds; the man is later beaten in the head once with a baseball bat, which leads to his death; the man bleeds throughout this process. Both were to be released by subsidiaries. The film contained only mild profanity, but was rated PG-13 because of a scene where drug paraphernalia were briefly visible.
", Motion Picture Association of America film rating system, Learn how and when to remove these template messages, "Motion Picture Association film rating system", Learn how and when to remove this template message, The Cook, the Thief, His Wife & Her Lover, United States Conference of Catholic Bishops' Office for Film and Broadcasting, "Attention, Web Surfers: The Following Film Trailer May Be Racy or Graphic", "The Influence of the MPAA's Film-Rating System on Motion Picture Attendance: A Pilot Study", "Show Business: Gremlins in the Rating System", "Rethinking PG-13: Ratings and the Boundaries of Childhood and Horror", "PG-13 PARENTS STRONGLY CAUTIONED SOME MATERIAL MAY BE INAPPROPRIATE FOR CHILDREN UNDER 13 – Trademark Details", Entertainment Law Reporter – Business Affairs for March 1984, "Dealers will label ratings on cassettes", "TN Law: 18 to buy R-rated movie tickets", "Opinion No. [14], The ratings used from 1968 to 1970 were:[15][16], This content classification system originally was to have three ratings, with the intention of allowing parents to take their children to any film they chose. "[68], The film rating system has had a number of high-profile critics. A young widow, Noriko, lives with her senile father-in-law, Shukichi, on a farm. Profanity may be present in PG rated films, and use of one of the harsher "sexually-derived words" as an expletive will initially incur at least a PG-13 rating. [5], Film ratings often have accompanying brief descriptions of the specifics behind the film's content and why it received a certain rating.

Plot Keywords. I deeply hope that the MPAA's irrelevance is imminent. He believes his favorite cow, long gone, is still alive. [citation needed] Internet or home-video trailers have no time restrictions. [56], Meacham insinuated that the board had succumbed to pressure from Warner Brothers, which had spent $10 million, more than twice its original budget, making the film; an X rating would have seriously limited The Exorcist's commercial prospects.

The MPAA has consistently cited nationwide scientific polls (conducted each year by the Opinion Research Corporation of Princeton, New Jersey), which show that parents find the ratings useful.

[citation needed]. [52], The MPAA does not have any explicit criteria for sexual content other than excluding sex scenes from G-rated films. Menu. In The Movie Ratings Game,[74] he documents a prejudice against sex in relation to violence. Copyright 2020 Leaf Group Ltd. All Rights Reserved. Other media, such as television programs, music and video games, are rated by other entities such as the Movies. The uneven emphasis on sex versus violence is echoed by other critics, including David Ansen, as well as many filmmakers. On one hand, parents may want to protect their children from viewing gruesome violence, sexual content, abusive language, drug abuse and full frontal nudity; on the other hand, content has to be evaluated in terms of context and the story. [27] Around the same time, the MPAA won a trademark infringement lawsuit against the producers and distributors of I Spit on Your Grave over a fraudulent application of its R rating to the uncut version of the film,[28] and forced its member studios and several other home video distributors to put MPAA ratings on the packaging of MPAA-rated films via a settlement that would come into effect by fall that year.

[44] Both Bully, a 2011 documentary about bullying, and Philomena—which has two instances of the word—released in 2013, were originally given R ratings on grounds of the language but the ratings were dropped to PG-13 after successful appeals. This Film Is Not Yet Rated also points out that four times as many films received an NC-17 rating for sex as they did for violence according to the MPAA's own website, further mentioning a bias against homosexual content compared to heterosexual content, particularly with regards to sex scenes. . ", "Roger Ebert thinks the MPAA's ratings are useless", "Teenager petitions to change R rating for 'Bully, "LDS Cinema Gets Better and Gets a Bum Rating", "Violence, sex and profanity in films: correlation of movie ratings with content", "Why the MPAA Should Be Ashamed of Itself", Classification and Ratings Administration, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Motion_Picture_Association_film_rating_system&oldid=984735685, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from January 2019, All articles needing additional references, Wikipedia articles in need of updating from February 2019, All Wikipedia articles in need of updating, Articles to be expanded from February 2019, Articles with multiple maintenance issues, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2020, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from February 2013, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2013, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2018, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Vague or ambiguous time from February 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2014, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from December 2014, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 21 October 2020, at 19:57.


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